Mediterranean sea on world map with countries. Resorts, water temperature by months

The Mediterranean Sea is considered intercontinental. It washes Europe, Africa, Asia and is connected to the Atlantic Ocean through the Strait of Gibraltar (length 65 km, minimum width 14 km). The area of ​​the water surface of the intercontinental reservoir is 2.5 million square meters. km. The average depth is 1540 m. The maximum depth reaches 5267 m in the Ionian Sea, near the city of Pylos in southern Greece. The volume of water is 3.84 million cubic meters. km.

The length of the sea from west to east is 3800 km. The southernmost point of the reservoir is in Africa in the Gulf of Sirte. The northernmost in the Adriatic Sea. The western one is in Gibraltar, and the eastern one is in Iskanderun Bay (southern Turkey).

Taking into account its shape, the intercontinental reservoir is divided into 2 basins. Western from Gibraltar to Sicily, and eastern from Sicily to the coast of Syria. The minimum width of sea waters is 130 km and runs between Cape Granitola (Sicily) and Cape Bona (Tunisia). The maximum width is 1665 km between Trieste (a city in Italy) and Greater Sirte (a bay on the coast of Libya).

The Mediterranean Sea basin includes such seas as Marmara, Black and Azov. Communication with them is carried out through the Dardanelles and the Bosphorus. Through the Suez Canal, a huge body of water is connected to the Red Sea and the Indian Ocean.

The intercontinental reservoir itself has its own inland sea - the Adriatic. It is located between the Apennine and Balkan Peninsulas. The Adriatic Sea is connected to the main waters by the Strait of Otranto, 47 km wide.

Mediterranean coast

Geography

Countries

The waters of a huge reservoir are washed by countries in which peoples with completely different cultures and mentalities live.

On the European coast there are such states as Spain (population 47.3 million people), France (66 million people), Italy (61.5 million people), Monaco (36 thousand people), Malta (453 thousand people ), Slovenia (2 million people), Croatia (4.4 million people), Bosnia and Herzegovina (3.8 million people), Montenegro (626 thousand people), Albania (2.8 million people), Greece (10.8 million people), Turkish Eastern Thrace (7.8 million people).

The following states are located on the African coast: Egypt (82.3 million people), Libya (5.6 million people), Tunisia (10.8 million people), Algeria (38 million people), Morocco (32.6 million people), Spanish Ceuta and Melilla (144 thousand people).

On the Asian coast there are such states as Turkey in Asia Minor (68.9 million people), Syria (22.5 million people), Cyprus (1.2 million people), Lebanon (4.2 million people), Israel (8 million people), the Sinai Peninsula of Egypt (520 thousand people).

Seas

The huge reservoir has its own seas. Their names and borders were formed historically many centuries ago. Let's look at them from west to east.

Sea Alboran located in front of the Strait of Gibraltar. It is 400 km long and 200 km wide. Depth varies from 1000 to 1500 meters.

Balearic Sea washes the eastern part of the Iberian Peninsula. It is separated from the main body of water by the Balearic Islands. Its average depth is 770 meters.

Ligurian Sea located between the islands of Corsica and Elba. Washes France, Italy and Monaco. The average depth is 1200 meters.

Tyrrhenian Sea splashes off the western coast of Italy. Limited to islands such as Corsica, Sardinia and Sicily. This is a deep tectonic basin with a depth of 3 thousand meters.

Adriatic Sea lies between the Balkan and Apennine peninsulas. Washes Albania, Montenegro, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Slovenia, Italy. In the northern part, the depth of the reservoir is only a few tens of meters, but in the south it reaches 1200 meters.

ionian sea located south of the Adriatic Sea between the Apennine and Balkan Peninsulas. It washes the shores of Crete, Peloponnese, Sicily. The average depth corresponds to 2 km.

Aegean Sea located between Asia Minor and the Balkan Peninsula, from the south it is bounded by the island of Crete. Connects through the Dardanelles to the Sea of ​​Marmara. The depth ranges from 200 to 1000 meters.

Cretan Sea located between Crete and the Cyclades archipelago. The depth of these waters varies from 200 to 500 meters.

Libyan Sea located between Crete and North Africa. The depth of these waters reaches 2 thousand meters.

Cyprus Sea located between Asia Minor and the northern African coast. This is the warmest and sunniest part of the Mediterranean. Here the depth reaches 4300 meters. This reservoir is conditionally divided into the Levantine and Cilician seas.

Mediterranean Sea on the map

Rivers

Large rivers flow into the Mediterranean Sea such as the Nile (the second longest river in the world), the largest river in Italy, the Po with a length of 652 km, the Italian river Tiber with a length of 405 km, the largest river in Spain, the Ebro (910 km) and the Rhone (812 km), flowing through Switzerland and France.

Islands

There are many islands. These are Cyprus, Crete, Euboea, Rhodes, Lesvos, Lemnos, Corfu, Chios, Samos, Kefalonia, Andros, Naxos. All of them are located in the eastern part of the Mediterranean. In the central part there are such islands as Corsica, Sicily, Sardinia, Malta, Cres, Korcula, Brac, Pag, Hvar. In the western part are the Balearic Islands. These are 4 large islands: Mallorca, Ibiza, Menorca, Formentera. Near them are small islands.

Climate

The climate is strictly specific, Mediterranean. It is characterized by hot and dry summers and mild winters. In winter, there are frequent storms and rains at sea. The local bora and mistral winds dominate. Summer is characterized by clear weather, minimal cloudiness and light precipitation. There are fogs. Sometimes there is a dusty haze, which is carried out of Africa by the sirocco wind.

The average winter temperature in the southern part of the reservoir is 14-16 degrees Celsius. In the northern part of the reservoir, it is equal to 8-10 degrees Celsius. In summer, the average temperature in the north is 22-24 degrees Celsius, and in the south, respectively, 26-30 degrees Celsius. The minimum precipitation occurs in August, and the maximum is observed in December.

View of the Mediterranean Sea from space

sea ​​level rise

Experts predict that by 2100 the level of the Mediterranean waters may rise by 30-60 cm. As a result, most of the island of Malta will disappear. 200 sq. km in the Nile Delta, which will force 500 thousand Egyptians to leave their ancestral lands. Salt levels will increase in groundwater, which will reduce the amount of drinking water on the entire Mediterranean coast. In the 22nd century, the sea water level may rise by another 30-100 cm. This will cause significant economic, political and natural changes in the Mediterranean.

Ecology

In recent years, extremely high pollution of sea water has been observed. According to the UN, 650 million tons of sewage, 129 tons of mineral oils, 6 tons of mercury, 3.8 tons of lead, 36 thousand tons of phosphates were annually discharged into the Mediterranean Sea. Many marine species are on the verge of extinction. This primarily applies to white-bellied seals and sea turtles. At the bottom there is a huge amount of garbage. They cover most of the seabed.

Environmental problems have hit fisheries. Fish such as bluefin tuna, hake, swordfish, red mullet, sea bream are on the verge of extinction. From year to year, the size of commercial catches decreases. Tuna has been fished in the Mediterranean for thousands of years, but stocks are currently extremely low. Over the past 20 years, they have decreased by 80%.

Tourism

The unique climate, beautiful coastline, rich history and culture attract millions of tourists to the Mediterranean every year. Their number is one third of all tourists in the world. Hence the great economic importance of tourism for the region.

But large financial flows cannot justify the degradation of the marine and coastal environment. Huge crowds of tourists pollute the Mediterranean coast. The situation is aggravated by the fact that visitors from all over the world are concentrated in those areas where there is the highest level of natural wealth. All this causes irreparable damage to flora and fauna. Their destruction and destruction will reduce the flow of tourists. Those will begin to look for new places on the planet, where again it will be possible to destroy the unique gifts of nature with impunity.

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The Mediterranean Sea is "chained" among 3 continents. It is the 8th largest sea in the world. Its outlines immediately attract attention due to its unusual shape and the number of ancient cities on the banks. For many centuries, the waters of the Mediterranean Sea were silent witnesses to how the history of mankind was created, on its shores, empires were born and faded away on the world map.

The Mediterranean Sea on the world map is located in the northern hemisphere. The sea is inland and runs along the entire northern coast of Africa and the southern coast of Europe. It begins in the west of the so-called Pillars of Hercules and ends on the coast of the Levant. It looks like a huge lake. It got its name according to the ideas about the geography of the people who lived in ancient Greece.

Translated from Greek means "sea in the middle of the Earth." The Greeks thought so, because the sea was a natural barrier between the cities of Europe, Asia Minor and Africa. The name is translated into Russian in an exact translation, and does not sound like its transcription from Greek - Mare Mediterraneum.

The Mediterranean Sea was previously part of the ancient ocean - Tethys.

Now it has broken into a whole cascade of seas, which used to be one body of water:

• Mediterranean Sea.
• Black Sea.
• Caspian Sea.
• Aral Sea.

countries bordering the mediterranean sea

If you start from the extreme western point of the Mediterranean Sea, namely from Gibraltar (property of Great Britain) and go clockwise, the sea washes the following countries:

• Gibraltar (UK).
• Spain, which is also the final country, on the other side of the Strait of Gibraltar is the Spanish port of Ceuta.
• France The entire southern coast of this country is one endless resort, not without reason that received the unofficial name - Cote d'Azur.
• Monaco.
• Italy, this country has one of the longest coastlines with the Mediterranean Sea.
• Slovenia.
• Croatia, the Mediterranean coast of this country is one of the most picturesque.
• Bosnia and Herzegovina is perhaps the smallest coastline of about 20 km.
• Montenegro.
• Albania.
• Greece, the largest concentration of antiquity per sq. km.
• Türkiye, the tourist Mecca of the Mediterranean.
• Syria.
• Lebanon.
• Israel.
• Egypt, like the entire African coast, is mostly lifeless, but sometimes there are small resort oases.
• Libya.
• Tunisia, here is the ruins of Carthage, the ancient city of Rome's rival for dominion in Europe.
• Algeria.
• Morocco.

The island states in the Mediterranean Sea are Malta and Cyprus.

Gibraltar remains a disputed territory to this day. Great Britain received it into its possession as early as 1713 under the Urecht peace treaty. Spain still disputes these territories. In the 18th and 19th centuries, several military attempts were made to reclaim the fort, but they were all unsuccessful.

Cyprus is an island state, officially a single state - the Republic of Cyprus, unofficially - divided into 2 parts: Greek and Turkish. The Republic of Cyprus and the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus are separated by a buffer zone with a contingent of UN peacekeepers.

Depth of the Mediterranean Sea: maximum and average

6 million years ago, the Mediterranean Sea lost contact with the Atlantic Ocean, it turned into a huge internal “lake” without recharge from the oceans. It quickly dried up, the water level dropped by 100-120 m.

Mediterranean depth map

However, about 5 million years ago, an earthquake occurred, which led to the formation of the current Strait of Gibraltar and the sea was recharged from the Atlantic Ocean. This event can be compared with the rebirth of the Mediterranean Sea, it was after this that it received its former appearance.

The Alboran Sea follows immediately after the Strait of Gibraltar, for the most part it is shallow with depths of up to 200 m. Moving further east, the sea gains a depth of up to 2 km.

The maximum depth is located in the Ionian Sea, in the so-called Central Basin and is called the Hellenic Depression. Its depth is 5121 m.

The area between the coasts of Greece and Turkey is strewn with thousands of islands. Here, the average depth is relatively shallow, reaching 200 m. With increasing depth after the island of Crete towards the coast of Africa, here the average depth is more than 2000 m. South of Turkey and along the entire coast of Israel and Egypt, the depth is from 1500 to 2000 m.

The average depth throughout the sea is 1541 m.

Structure of the mediterranean

The Mediterranean Sea on the world map is divided into 3 sections: western, central and eastern.

Visually, they can be clearly separated:

• Western - between the Strait of Gibraltar and the Apennine Peninsula.
• Central - between the Apennine Peninsula and the Balkan Peninsula.
• East - between the Balkan Peninsula and the coast of the Levant.

The main "donor" of water for the Mediterranean Sea is the Atlantic Ocean. The influence of rivers on the sea level is not great.

Major rivers flowing into the Mediterranean Sea:

• Ron.

Ebb and flow

The Mediterranean Sea is connected to the Atlantic Ocean by the small Strait of Gibraltar.
Therefore, the influence of the Moon's gravity on this inland sea is minimal. The ebbs and flows are a few cm. Therefore, their influence is quite difficult for a person to assess.

How many seas are in the mediterranean

The Mediterranean Sea has a complex structure and consists of many other seas, which are not even always indicated on the world map.

Officially, it includes the seas recognized by international agreements:

• Alboran.
• Balearic.
• Ligurian.
• Tyrrhenian.
• Ionic.
• Adriatic.
• Aegean.

Flora and fauna of the Mediterranean

The Mediterranean Sea on the world map is connected to the Atlantic Ocean only by a small strait. This has greatly affected the ecosystem of the entire sea, primarily because the Atlantic Ocean cannot feed the Mediterranean Sea with plankton as much as the open seas.

The reduced content of plankton led to a lower concentration of fish, which in turn provoked a more rapid growth of vegetation and the appearance of the world's longest colony of "oceanic posidonia" - more than 700 km.

Due to the low content of plankton, there are no whales in the sea, but other large mammals are found, whose diet does not include it. There are 47 species of sharks in the Mediterranean Sea, including the tiger and white sharks.

It is still a mystery to scientists why sharks behave less aggressively in the Mediterranean Sea than in other regions of the oceans. Shark attacks on people in the Mediterranean are extremely rare.

The largest cities of the Mediterranean coast

Major ports:

• Barcelona.
• Monaco.
• Genoa.
• Naples.
• Athens.
• Istanbul.

Barcelona is one of the largest ports not only in the Mediterranean, but also in Europe. The climate is mild, not too far away are the Balearic Islands with the world-famous Ibiza and Mallorca.

Nice, Monaco and Genoa- cities located close to each other, but located in 3 different countries. Nice is famous for its resort - the Cote d'Azur and the Promenade des Anglais.

Monaco center of entertainment throughout Europe. Genoa is a major Italian port with a rich history and incredible architecture. During the Renaissance, Genoa was a real financial center of Europe and capital from all over the world flocked here, and Genoese merchants were considered the wealthiest people of that time.

Athens- the cradle of democracy and the flourishing of the sciences of Ancient Greece, it is here that you can fully feel the spirit of enlightenment of that era. Nowadays, it has not been such a significant and large port for a long time from an economic point of view, but the historical and cultural component of this city is certainly a diamond in the entire Mediterranean.

Istanbul- the former Constantinople, the capital of the Byzantine Empire that has sunk into oblivion and the former capital of the Ottoman Empire. The city that divides Europe and Asia and is located on both continents across the Bosporus, like no other, absorbed the culture of both civilizations, is still one of the most important historical, cultural and economic centers of the world.

Climate, water temperature by months

The climate in the Mediterranean is subtropical. The sea is inland and surrounded by three continents, which has formed its own unique climatic balance, which cannot be found anywhere else in the world. Sometimes it is even distinguished as a separate type or as a certain subspecies of the subtropical climate and is called "Mediterranean".

In winter, the sea lowers the pressure along the entire coast, which leads to fairly large storms and waves up to 8 m. The sea during this period is almost always not calm, and the weather is rainy and cloudy

As celestial compensation for the “bad” winter, in summer, on the contrary, increased pressure prevails and almost all summer days the sea is calm and the sky is clear. What residents and guests of the coast can enjoy.

The average temperature on the southern and northern coasts is different. The influence of the deserts of Africa is affecting the southern borders of the sea. Therefore, in the south, the average temperature is 16 degrees, and in the north - 10 degrees. In the "velvet" season (August-September), the average temperature is 30 and 22 degrees, respectively, along the coasts.

Water warms up to 27 degrees in areas of Tunisia and the coast of Israel. The Spanish and Turkish coasts warm up to 22 degrees, which provides comfortable tourist conditions.

The average value of water temperature throughout the sea is presented in the table below:

January	14°C
February	13°C
March	15°C
April	16°C
May	17°С
June	20°C
July	24°C
August	26°С
September	25°С
October	21°С
November	18°C
December	15°C

Holidays in the Mediterranean: when is the best time to go?

The Mediterranean Sea on the world map is located in the northern hemisphere, so it is better to go on vacation in the summer, August, September throughout the Mediterranean Sea - the velvet season. The warm sea and pleasant coolness in the evening will provide an unforgettable vacation for the most fastidious tourist at any point on the map.

This is true for European resorts, African countries in the southern part of the sea and the coast of Israel and Cyprus are suitable for swimming almost all year round. Heavy rains can often occur in winter, so holidays can be spoiled by these circumstances. And even if you choose warmer Mediterranean countries, it is better to visit them in summer or early autumn.

The best resorts in the Mediterranean

Undoubtedly, the best tourist countries in this region have long been known to everyone:

These countries have long been chosen by our compatriots and are famous for their excellent beaches and good service, some of them are especially popular.

Greece: cities, hotels, prices, interesting places.

Greece - one of the best resort regions of this country is the island of Corfu.

Located in the Ionian Sea, far from the noise of big cities on a secluded island, there are 200 km of transparent beaches, coupled with ancient buildings, shrouded in thickets of olive groves and cypress forests, gives an unforgettable entourage to this place.

The capital of the island is the city of Kerkyra. Previously, the whole island was called so in honor of the mythological nymph Kerkyra - the beloved of the god of the sea, Poseidon.

Most hotels are located in the following cities of the island:

• Kerkyra.
• Paleokastritsa.
• Benitses.
• Kavos.

The most expensive hotels are located in Kerkyra and Paleokastritsa, the price reaches 10-12 thousand rubles per night. In Benitses and Kavos, prices are more democratic - from 1923 rubles. per night.

The selection of the best hotels, according to visitor reviews, is as follows for each city.

Corfu:

• Hotel Locandiera — 8 463 rubles.
• Hotel Bella Venezia — 9 386 rubles.
• Hotel Konstantinoupolis — 6 386 rubles.
• Hotel Mayor Mon Repos Palace — 8 628 rubles.
• Corfu Palace Hotel — 10,502 rubles.

Paleokastritsa:

Benitses:

• Eros Beach Hotel — 4 616 rubles.
• Hotel Kaiser Bridge — 6 386 rubles.
• Bella Vista Beach Hotel — 2,770 rubles.
• Bella Vista Beach Hotel – 8 463 rubles.
• Benitsa Beach Hotel — 2 539 rubles.
• Hotel Karina Hotel — 4 154 rubles.

Kavos:

• Hotel Melissa Apartments — 1 923 rubles.
• Hotel Mediterranean Blue — 2 389 rubles.
• Hotel Seaside Resorts — 2 308 rubles.
• Hotel Erofili Hotel – 3,000 rubles.
• Hotel Kavos Plaza Hotel — 5 297 rubles.
• Hotel Oula Maisonettes – 2 077 rubles.

Türkiye: cities, hotels, prices, interesting places

Antalya is the tourist capital of Turkey, all tourists arrive at the airport of this particular city, and then go to nearby resorts on transfers. The historic center has many “artifact buildings” for history buffs. The Byzantine Church of Panagia and the Ivli Minaret are among the oldest buildings in the city.

You should definitely visit the Museum of Archeology. A selection of the best hotels according to guest reviews, during the velvet season (August-September, prices per night):

Kemer - the "greenest" resort in Turkey, not far from the city there is a national park, and the beaches are considered the cleanest in the country. The lack of cultural and historical sights is fully compensated by ecological and healthy recreation and unity with nature.

Selection by hotels:

• Hotel Maxx Royal Kemer Resort — 75,781 rubles.
• Hotel Camyuva Beach Hotel – 10 254 rubles.
• Hotel Simena Sun Club — 13 399 rubles.
• Hotel Berke Ranch&Nature — 4 039 rub.

Alanya is a choice for those who love the golden mean. The city has historical sights and an active nightlife. The entire coast is strewn with an endless string of hotels. Here, with equal success, you can wander through the ruins of the ancient city and the oriental bazaars and arrange an entertaining curtsy with a long auto-party.

Top hotels:

Spain: cities, hotels, prices, interesting places

Spain is a country that has access not only to the Mediterranean Sea. She also has famous resorts in the Canary Islands and San Sebastian, located in the Atlantic Ocean and in the Bay of Biscay, respectively. However, we are talking about the Mediterranean, so they will be discussed.

Among them, the most famous are naturally the Balearic Islands (Ibiza and Mallorca) and the Costa Brava. The Costa Brava is located on the Spanish mainland near Barcelona.

Ibiza is the center of parties throughout Europe, and local discos are famous far beyond its borders.

Best hotels (prices per night):

Mallorca is famous for its unforgettable beaches and mild climate. Not as busy party life as in Ibiza, makes this place ideal for families with children. Of the sights, lovers of architecture, be sure to visit the Almudaina Palace. A rather extravagant building, made in the Arabic style, is located in the capital of the island, Palma de Mallorca.

Top hotels:

• Hotel Rural Sa Posada d’Aumallia – 11,065 rubles.
• Hotel Red house Mallorca – 16,002 rubles.
• Hotel Myseahouse Flamingo — 21,676 rubles.
• Hotel Europe Playa Marina – 15,061 rubles.
• Hotel Sa Casa Rotja — 9 797 rubles.

Italy: cities, hotels, prices, interesting places

Italy is a special country for travel and beach tourism is no exception. The atmosphere of this country will forever remain in your heart wherever you are. And the kitchen will take your gastronomic requests to a new level. Italy has one of the longest coastlines and you can literally relax on the Mediterranean coast all over the country. Let's highlight some of the best resorts in Italy.

Sorrento, located near Naples, a city on the Tyrrhenian Sea. One of the features is a short beach area and large steep banks. The Basilica of St. Anthony, named after the patron saint of the city, is one of the best examples of Italian architecture, painted inside with the colors of the famous Giambattista Lama.

Top hotels:

On the other side of the Italian boot, Rimini is considered one of the best resorts, despite the fact that the city is located in the north, thanks to the shallow water, the water here warms up quickly and the swimming season begins in May.

Holidays in Remini are also good because it is easy to get to any continental city of northern Italy from here. Milan, Turin and Venice are very close. And these places are undoubtedly famous all over the world, the sights of which can be listed endlessly.

Best deals:

• Hotel Parco dei Principi — 10,095 rubles.
• Hotel La Gradisca — 8 485 rubles.
• Hotel Polo — 6 234 rubles.
• Hotel Diplomat Palace — 7 772 rubles.

Egypt: cities, hotels, prices, interesting places

In Egypt, the main direction of tourism is the Red Sea, and not the Mediterranean at all. The Red Sea has one indisputable advantage, the beach season here is open all year round. Historically, it so happened that the resorts of the Mediterranean Sea are preferred by local residents.

The coastline of Egypt with the Mediterranean Sea is more than a thousand km and is conditionally divided into three regions: the Sinai, the Nile Delta and the West Coast.

The Sinai direction is practically not represented as a tourist destination, due to its proximity to the “hot spots” of the Gaza Strip. The Nile Delta is not suitable for recreation, as it is a large swampy area.

The western direction is represented by resorts concentrated near Alexandria and Mersa Matruh.

Alexandria - "Oxford" of the ancient world, a city-museum, history buffs will appreciate this city on merit. And near Mersa Matruh is the “Cleopatra Bay”. According to legend, the Egyptian queen loved to swim here.

The main advantage of the Egyptian-Mediterranean resorts over the Red Sea resorts is a much cheaper price tag for accommodation and food.

Top hotels:

While abroad, any tourist needs to make adjustments for local customs and culture when communicating with the local population. Many things characteristic of the national culture will not always be understood and accepted in another country.

You can often hear Russian speech and meet many people who understand Russian, namely in Turkey and Egypt. It is not at all necessary to buy dollars or change rubles when traveling to these countries - they are accepted there on a par with the local currency.

The countries located on the shores of the Mediterranean Sea have a multi-confessional composition and completely different peoples live in its different points in terms of their culture, religion and mentality. The world map shows that both Christian, Muslim and Jewish countries are located on the coast.

Article formatting: Vladimir the Great

Video about holidays in the mediterranean sea

Overview of holidays in Turkey on the Mediterranean Sea:

Today, the Mediterranean Sea washes the shores of 22 countries. Considering that the states of the Mediterranean Sea are located in the subtropical climatic zone, excellent conditions are created for the creation of resort bases. Today, the Mediterranean coast is a favorite destination for most tourists from all over the world.

Mediterranean cruises are an opportunity to see past eras with your own eyes, visiting the monuments of antiquity, the masterpieces of the Middle Ages and the outstanding creations of our time. Every day of such a journey brings new impressions, new states of the Mediterranean Sea: the sandy beaches of Tunisia and Malta, ancient Pompeii and formidable Vesuvius, the leaning tower in Pisa, the wide boulevards of Nice and Barcelona, ​​the canals of Venice and the museums of Florence.

Cruises most often pass through European mediterranean countries. Tourists visit Italy - the country of the sun and wine, spaghetti and olive oil, high fashion and masterpieces of world architecture. And after a busy journey through its famous cities, you can relax on the sunny beaches of the island of Sardinia or stroll through the gardens and olive groves of picturesque Sicily.

Beauty Spain is another Mediterranean country - a picturesque area with upscale resorts, rich nature and ancient cities. And, of course, sea cruises in the Mediterranean are not complete without visiting Mallorca and Ibiza.

In France, every city is a cultural monument or a historical museum, a wine-growing center or a luxurious resort. Paris, Nice, Cannes, Bordeaux, Marseille, Avignon - sights here are found at every step. The landscapes of the country are no less picturesque: the snow-white peaks of the Alps, the beautiful beaches of the Atlantic and the Mediterranean Sea, medieval castles, vast vineyards and charming old distilleries.
Malta is another amazing destination on many Mediterranean cruises. This is a contrasting island, the northeastern coast of which is densely populated, and the almost lifeless southern coast breaks off with sheer cliffs to the waters of the Mediterranean Sea. Here is Valletta - a medieval walled city, one of the few remaining in Europe.

Morocco is a Mediterranean country that brings an oriental touch to cruises in the western Mediterranean. It is located at the crossroads of European and Islamic cultures and lies on the border of the greenest mountains in Africa and the largest desert in the world.

The African countries of the Mediterranean region are no less colorful. For example, Tunisia is one of the world's oldest resorts with many historical monuments, sandy beaches and a dynamically developing tourist infrastructure. In addition to traditional beach holidays and modern hotels, Tunisia is ancient oriental architecture, unusual cuisine and numerous colorful markets.

Almost all countries washed by the Mediterranean Sea have their famous resorts. Most of all, Russians love the countries of the Balkan Peninsula. The resorts of Montenegro and Croatia stand out especially.

Montenegro is a Mediterranean country famous for its resorts. Ada Bojana is the southern beach of the country, with a total length of 3.8 kilometers. The beach is covered with the best sand in the entire Adriatic. The island of Ada Bojana has a triangular shape. From two sides, the coast of the island is washed by the Bojana River, and from the third - by the waters of the Adriatic Sea. On the island you can find excellent hotels, good fun - everything your heart desires. The resort town of Becici is another pride of Montenegro. The local resort is famous for its delightful Mediterranean nature, and the 2-kilometer golden pebble beach is famous all over the world.

Another Mediterranean country - Croatia, also has something to boast about. In particular, these are the beaches of Brela. Here the water is so clear that you can see the bottom even at a depth of 50 meters. By far the most popular resort in Croatia, which in 2004 became the sixth in the world and the first in Europe.

Today, the states of the eastern Mediterranean have greatly succeeded in the development of tourism infrastructure. The beaches of Egypt, Turkey, Cyprus, Greece annually attract tens of millions of tourists. But, for example, to Lebanon or Syria, tourists are not in a hurry to go.
If you want to have a royal rest, then the city of Limassol (Cyprus) is already waiting for you.

If you want to diversify your vacation, then in addition to the already well-known resorts in Greece, Turkey or Italy, you can go to Algeria or Libya. Now countries are actively equipping their resort beaches. Certainly they have potential.

The countries of the Mediterranean basin, the traditions and cultures of different peoples, the architecture of different eras, the endless expanses of the sea, the picturesque islands and the hot sun - all these are sea cruises in the Mediterranean, allowing you to see such different and such distant countries in a short time.

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For lovers of an unconditionally comfortable stay, cruise liners have been created and special routes and entertainment programs have been developed on board. Having bought such a cruise, you will not need anything! Your ship will carry you through the waves like a floating luxury hotel.

Everyone in school read ancient Greek legends. And if I didn’t read avidly, then I clearly heard the names of gods and heroes. A trip to Rhodes can completely immerse you in the atmosphere of past millennia, give you a chance for a miracle. Perhaps you will be lucky! Take a chance!

If you are going on a New Year's tour of the Mediterranean, be sure to include Greece in your itinerary. Holidays in this country will give you a feeling of an ongoing miracle, which is so important to feel at this time of the year for both adults and children.

Another country in the Mediterranean that you should definitely visit on a cruise is Israel. The Promised Land will amaze a traveler of any religion with its inner grandeur, and visiting religious shrines will be interesting not only for believers.

Countries and resorts of the Mediterranean Sea: maps, photos and videos. Holidays in the Mediterranean, hotels, beaches, water temperature off the coast of resorts.

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The cradle of civilizations, the apple of discord and the oldest trade routes - all this is the "sea in the middle of the earth", whose waves wash the shores of 22 states, most of which have managed to derive direct tourist benefits from this remarkable neighborhood. It is on the numerous coasts of the Mediterranean Sea that the most famous world resorts are located, which are stormed every year by millions of vacationers from all over the world. The countries of two continents - Africa and Eurasia, as well as numerous islands and archipelagos provide all the conditions for a full-fledged beach holiday: although not always warm, but quite clear waters, sandy or pebbly coastlines with a remarkably wide coastline, violent fruitful nature and a lot of historical ruins around. What is especially pleasant - rest in the Mediterranean bushes can be classified as a budget one: a little more expensive than domestic "souths" and at the same time a whole range of entertainment and so far, alas, a service level that is mostly unattainable at home.

Mediterranean countries

Let's not cheat by saying that the Mediterranean is one of those successful tourism destinations in all respects that can offer almost everything to a demanding tourist, immediately and at affordable prices. What is there on the hospitable shores of the "Middle Sea": and vegetable rest in slippers and a swimsuit, and interesting excursions to the sights of almost any period known to historical science, and authentic items of souvenir interest, and rich opportunities for learning foreign languages ​​"with immersion", and terribly tasty, and most importantly, healthy Mediterranean cuisine, on whose dishes more than one generation of centenarians has been brought up.

Another characteristic feature of the Mediterranean, a balm for the heart of an attentive tourist, is the exceptional diversity of nationalities, languages, and cultures.

Everyone will find something to their liking: praying at the Wailing Wall in Jerusalem or burning through what they have acquired by “overwork” at golden parties in Monaco, inhaling the smell of eternity in the Giza Valley or listening to the chirping of cicadas on emerald Corfu, following the footsteps of the Grand Duchesses on the streets of Istanbul or looking at drowning in the red midday haze Fez.

Among the other pleasant bonuses of the direction are a short flight (you can fly to most resorts in no more than 4 hours), a combined visa regime (we are talking about Schengen), which allows you to wave to your neighbors along the coastline without hassle, in some cases - even at all lack of visa formalities - as in Tunisia or Turkey. Among other things, the Mediterranean - the most financially accessible of the resort foreign seas - you can find a vacation here, starting from 200 EUR “from the nose”. Finally, the climate here is closest to the "universal" one - the swimming season is from May to October, the absence of exhausting heat in summer and mild, moderately sunny winters. Of the minuses, perhaps the extraordinary popularity of the Mediterranean beaches, which, in terms of the number of bodies per square meter of area, easily outdo the Klondike of the times of the "gold rush". However, for fans of secluded relaxation, the Mediterranean Sea has in store a few secret corners, such as small Greek islands, where nothing prevents everyday life from being forgotten.

Perhaps the most amazing and unusual sea on the planet is the Mediterranean. It separates three different but at the same time serves as a meeting place for the most diverse cultures, nations and religions. Which countries are washed by the waters of the Mediterranean Sea and which of them do tourists like to come to most of all? You will learn about this from our most interesting article.

Mediterranean: history and geography of the region

Which countries are washed by the Mediterranean Sea? What famous cities are located on its banks? Before answering these questions, it is necessary to study in detail the geography and history of the region.

Mediterranea is the name of the Mediterranean in English. This historical region occupies the entire basin of the sea of ​​the same name - the cradle of European and Arab navigation. The most ancient civilizations and powers arose on its shores - Phoenicia, Ancient Hellas, the Roman Empire. The latter once controlled the entire region. Which countries are washed by the Mediterranean Sea today?

The total area of ​​the region, according to various scientists, ranges from 4 to 5 million square kilometers. On its territory, the states of two continents and three parts of the world are located at once.

Which countries are washed by the Mediterranean Sea? Largest cities

Geographically, culturally and mentally, the Mediterranean is divided into three zones (parts): European, Asian and African.

So, which countries are washed by the Mediterranean Sea with its waters? These include 21 independent states. These are Spain, France, Italy, Monaco, Malta (an island republic, located directly in the water area), Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Albania, Greece, Cyprus, Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, Israel, Egypt, Libya, Tunisia, Algeria and Morocco.

The unrecognized countries of Palestine and Northern Cyprus, as well as two overseas territories of Great Britain (Gibraltar, Akrotiri and Dhekelia) also have access to the Mediterranean Sea.

Which cities are washed by the Mediterranean Sea? Thousands of settlements are located on the shores of its water area. Among the largest and most famous cities in the Mediterranean are the following: Barcelona, ​​Marseille, Cannes, Genoa, Napoli, Dubrovnik, Athens, Istanbul, Antalya, Alexandria, Tripoli.

Structure of the Mediterranean: islands, archipelagos, seas

Scientists say that the Mediterranean Sea is nothing more than a relic of an ancient reservoir of a planetary scale - the Tethys Ocean. The Black, Caspian and Aral Seas are also its remnants.

The modern Mediterranean Sea is connected to the Atlantic Ocean by a narrow one. It passes between two high rocks, named in ancient times. An interesting fact: in the Mediterranean Sea, hydrographers distinguish a number of smaller seas. For example, on the maps of this part of the planet you can find the Adriatic, Aegean, Ionian, Cypriot and others.

What is the Mediterranean Sea? Several large Apennine, Pyrenean, deeply protrude into its water area. In the waters of the Mediterranean there are also a large number of islands, different in area. And almost every one of them is very attractive for tourists. It is worth mentioning some of the most famous islands in the Mediterranean: Crete, Malta, Sicily, Rhodes, Ibiza and Mallorca.

Synthesis of cultures and peoples

"The sea in the middle of the Earth" - so they called it in antiquity. This geographical toponym, having slightly transformed, has survived to this day. Indeed, it was here that various peoples, cultures, religions and civilizations met over the centuries. As a result, a unique ethno-cultural situation has formed in the Mediterranean.

Already in the third millennium BC, the so-called Aegean civilization arose here, which consisted of several cultures and was complicated by Sumerian influences. Mixed ethnic groups could also be observed within the state of Carthage. Even later, the synthesis of European and Eastern traditions formed here a powerful state - Byzantium.

Thus, cultural syncretism is more than characteristic of the Mediterranean region. It is this fact that makes it extremely popular among tourists from all over the world.

Tourism in the Mediterranean

The countries of the Mediterranean Sea are annually visited by tens of thousands of tourists from different parts of our planet. The attractiveness of this region is enhanced by the fact that it is located entirely within the mild subtropical climate.

Of course, the best way to experience the Mediterranean is on a cruise. It allows you to visit several countries and dozens of interesting cities at once. During such a cruise, the tourist can see firsthand how the monuments are combined with the creations of our time.

In the Mediterranean, tourists most often visit Italy, Spain, Turkey, Greece, Tunisia and Croatia.

Holidays in Turkey

Each of the Mediterranean countries can boast of its first-class resorts. And the most famous resort country in this region is, of course, Turkey!

This state today is very successful in the development of its tourism infrastructure. Resting here is both interesting and very comfortable. Moreover, Türkiye is ready to offer holidays for every taste and wallet size.

Excellent hotels, wonderful beaches, delicious cuisine and acquaintance with the vibrant local culture - this is what awaits every tourist who decides to visit Turkey. In addition, in a very short time you can see many interesting sights here.

Which cities in Turkey are washed by the Mediterranean Sea? This is the largest metropolis of Istanbul, Izmir, Antalya and Mersin.

Spain and Italy

Spain is located in the western part of the region. Tourists appreciate this Mediterranean country for its picturesque landscapes, beautiful nature, sunny first-class resorts and ancient architectural monuments. No cruise, as a rule, bypasses Mallorca and Ibiza. But true connoisseurs of architecture should definitely visit the city of Barcelona.

Another European Mediterranean state is Italy. The country of sun, pizza and spaghetti attracts a huge number of foreign tourists. Lovers of unity with virgin nature go to Sicily, but connoisseurs of cultural and historical monuments go to Rome. Here is also the world-renowned center of haute couture - the city of Milan.

Balkan Mediterranean countries

Five have access to the Mediterranean Sea at once. And all of them have a huge tourist potential.

Croatia is the most attractive of the Balkan countries for tourists. Even 20 years ago it fought for its independence, and today it receives thousands of tourists every year. Vacationers are amazed by the unique purity of sea water in Croatia and the huge number of coastal islands.

Montenegro is also famous for its excellent resorts. In particular, the Ada Bojana beach, 3.8 kilometers long, boasts the cleanest sand in the entire Adriatic.

Gradually gaining popularity among tourists and Albania. This country wins due to its beautiful landscapes and extraordinary coloring. Only in Albania you can taste the chic local cuisine in an abandoned concrete bunker of the last century!

African Mediterranean countries

Of course, tourists do not bypass the African states of this region. Egypt has long gained fame as a resort and tourist country. But even countries such as Libya and Algeria are actively equipping their resorts and cities for potential vacationers.

Increasingly, cruise ships sail to the ports of Morocco. This state, located right at the junction of East and West, Islamic and European cultures, a priori arouses interest among tourists.

Tunisia is another state of the Mediterranean, on the territory of which a large number of historical and architectural monuments, museums with ancient artifacts have been preserved. And after a rich cultural program, the tourist here will also be able to fully relax on one of the beautiful beaches. Another feature of Tunisia is its colorful and colorful markets.

Finally...

Now you know how many countries the Mediterranean Sea washes. There are 21 in total. The Mediterranean is a unique and very attractive region for tourists. First of all, they seek to get to Turkey, Italy, Spain, Tunisia and Croatia. Indeed, in these countries there are a lot of attractions, and the infrastructure is in perfect order.